FP&A & Budgeting
The models used every day inside finance teams: planning, budgeting, and variance analysis.
- LTV and Cohort Analysis: Understanding the Long-Term Value of Your Customers
Learn how to calculate Customer Lifetime Value (LTV) and build a cohort retention model — the foundation of unit economics analysis for any subscription, SaaS, or recurring-revenue business.
- ROI and Marketing Efficiency Model: Measuring What Your Spend Actually Returns
Learn how to build an ROI model that quantifies the return from marketing, sales, and growth investments — including Customer Acquisition Cost, payback period, and blended channel efficiency.
- Budget Model: How Finance Teams Build and Manage the Annual Budget
A practical guide to building an annual budget model from scratch — covering the budgeting process, zero-based vs incremental approaches, and how to build a flexible model that survives contact with actuals.
- P&L Planning Model: How to Build a Forward-Looking Profit & Loss from Scratch
A step-by-step guide to building a structured P&L planning model — from revenue drivers through to EBITDA and net profit — used by FP&A teams to set financial targets and communicate the plan to leadership.
- Variance Analysis: How to Diagnose a Miss and Tell the Story Behind the Numbers
Learn how to build a variance analysis model that breaks down the gap between budget and actuals into price, volume, and mix effects — a core skill for any FP&A or management accounting role.
- The Operational Model: Driver-Based Forecasting for Finance Teams
How to build a robust operational model that ties business drivers — headcount, utilisation, pricing — directly to financial outputs. For students and junior analysts entering FP&A or corporate finance roles.